nisaddcred(1M)




NAME

     nisaddcred - create NIS+ credentials


SYNOPSIS

     nisaddcred     [-p principal]     [-P nis_principal]      [-
     l login_password] auth_type [domain_name]

     nisaddcred -r [nis_principal] [domain_name]


DESCRIPTION

     The nisaddcred command is used to  create  security  creden-
     tials  for  NIS+ principals. NIS+ credentials serve two pur-
     poses. The first is to provide authentication information to
     various  services;  the  second is to map the authentication
     service name into a NIS+ principal name.

     When the nisaddcred command is run,  these  credentials  get
     created  and  stored  in  a  table named cred.org_dir in the
     default  NIS+  domain.  If  domain_name  is  specified,  the
     entries  are  stored  in  the  cred.org_dir of the specified
     domain. The specified domain must either be the one to which
     you  belong,  or  one  in  which  you  are authenticated and
     authorized to create credentials, that is, a subdomain. Note
     that  the  credentials of normal users must be stored in the
     same domain  as their passwords.

     It  is  simpler  to  add  credentials  using  nisclient(1M),
     because   it   obtains   the  required  information  itself.
     nispopulate(1M) is used for "bulk" updates and  can also  be
     used  to  add  credentials  for entries in the hosts and the
     passwd NIS+ tables.

     NIS+ principal names are used  in  specifying  clients  that
     have  access rights to NIS+ objects. For more details, refer
     to the "Principal Names" subsection of  the  nis+(1)  manual
     page.  See nischmod(1), nischown(1),  nis_objects(3NSL), and
     nis_groups(3NSL). Various other services can also  implement
     access control based on these principal names.

     The  cred.org_dir table is organized as follows:

         cname        auth_type       auth_name       public_data   private_data
     user1.foo.com.     LOCAL           2990           10,102,44
     user1.foo.com.      DES      unix.2990@foo.com    098...819     3b8...ab2
     user1.foo.com.    DHmmm-n    unix.2990@foo.com    248...428     a42...f32

     The cname column contains a canonical representation of  the
     NIS+  principal  name. By convention, this name is the login
     name of a user, or the host name of a machine, followed by a
     dot  ('.') followed by the fully qualified  "home" domain of
     that principal. For users, the home domain is defined to  be
     the domain where their  DES credentials are kept. For hosts,
     their home domain is defined to be the domain name  returned
     by the  domainname(1M) command executed on that host.

     There are two basic  types  of   auth_type  entries  in  the
     cred.org_dir  table,  those  with authentication type LOCAL,
     and those with authentication type DES, auth_type, specified
     on the command line in upper or lower case, should be either
     local or  des.

     However, the cred.org_dir table may also  be  used  to  hold
     data  for other values of auth_type. Currently, this is lim-
     ited to the mechanisms listed on  the   nisauthconf(1M)  man
     page,  for  which  the  nisaddcred auth_type argument is the
     same as the name of the mechanism. These  mechanisms  use  a
     modified  form  of  Secure  RPC, and they are similar to the
     DES authentication type.

     If the auth_type is  des, and other  authentication  mechan-
     isms  are  configured  with nisauthconf(1M), then credential
     entries are added or updated for each mechanism  configured.
     To  only  add or update 1992-bit Diffie Hellman credentials,
     that is, those with the auth_type of DES,  use  dh192-0   on
     the  command line. If there are no authentication mechanisms
     configured, using des on the command line will only  add  or
     update 192-bit Diffie Hellman credentials.

     Entries of type LOCAL are used by the NIS+ service to deter-
     mine the correspondence between fully qualified NIS+ princi-
     pal names and users identified by UIDs in  the  domain  con-
     taining  the  cred.org_dir  table.  This  correspondence  is
     required when  associating requests made using the  AUTH_SYS
     RPC  authentication  flavor  (see  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL)) to a
     NIS+ principal name. It is also required for mapping a   UID
     in  one  domain  to  its fully qualified NIS+ principal name
     whose home domain may be elsewhere. The principal's  creden-
     tials  for  any authentication flavor may then be sought for
     within the cred.org_dir table in the principal's home domain
     (extracted from the principal name). The same NIS+ principal
     may have  LOCAL credential entries in more than one  domain.
     Only  users,  and  not machines, have  LOCAL credentials. In
     their home domain, users of NIS+ should have both  types  of
     credentials.

     The auth_name associated with the LOCAL type entry is a  UID
     that is valid for the principal in the domain containing the
     cred.org_dir  table.  This  may  differ  from  that  in  the
     principal's  home  domain.  The public information stored in
     public_data for this type  contains  a  list  of   GIDs  for
     groups in which the user is a member. The GIDs also apply to
     the domain in which the table resides. There is  no  private
     data  associated  with  this  type.  Neither  a  UID  nor  a
     principal name should appear more than once among the  LOCAL
     entries in any one cred.org_dir table.

     The  DES auth_type is used for   Secure  RPC  authentication
     (see secure_rpc(3NSL)).

     The authentication name associated with the DES auth_type is
     a  Secure  RPC  netname.  A  Secure RPC netname has the form
     unix.id@domain.com, where  domain must be the  same  as  the
     domain  of  the principal. For principals that are users the
     id must be the UID of the principal in the principal's  home
     domain.  For principals that are hosts, the id is the host's
     name. In Secure RPC, processes running under effective UID 0
     (root) are identified with the host principal. Unlike LOCAL,
     there cannot be more than one  DES credential entry for  one
     NIS+ principal in the NIS+ namespace.

     The public information in an entry  of  authentication  type
     DES  is the public key for the principal. The private infor-
     mation in this entry is the private  key  of  the  principal
     encrypted by the principal's network password.

     User clients of  NIS+ should have credentials of both  types
     in  their  home domain. In addition, a principal must have a
     LOCAL entry in the cred.org_dir table of  each  domain  from
     which the principal wishes to make authenticated requests. A
     client of NIS+ that makes a request from a domain  in  which
     it does not have a LOCAL entry will be unable to acquire DES
     credentials. A NIS+ service running at security level  2  or
     higher  will  consider such users unauthenticated and assign
     them the name  nobody for determining access rights.

     This command can only be run by those  NIS+  principals  who
     are  authorized  to  add  or delete the entries in the  cred
     table.

     If credentials  are  being  added  for  the  caller  itself,
     nisaddcred automatically performs a keylogin for the caller.

     You can list the cred entries  for  a  particular  principal
     with nismatch(1).

     The   cred.org_dir   NIS+   table    replaces    the    maps
     publickey.byname and  netid.byname used in NIS (YP).


OPTIONS

     The following options are supported:

     -p principal
           The name principal specifies the name of the principal
           as  defined  by  the  naming  rules  for that specific
           mechanism. For example,  LOCAL  credential  names  are
           supplied  with  this  option  by  including   a string
           specifying a  UID.  For   DES  credentials,  the  name
           should   be   a   Secure   RPC  netname  of  the  form
           unix.id@domain.com, as described earlier.  If  the  -p
           option  is  not specified, the auth_name field is con-
           structed from the effective UID of the current process
           and the name of the local domain.

     -P nis_principal
           Use the NIS+ principal name nis_principal. This option
           should  be used when creating LOCAL or DES credentials
           for users whose home  domain  is  different  than  the
           local machine's default domain.

           Whenever the -P option is  not  specified,  nisaddcred
           constructs  a principal name for the entry as follows.
           When it is  not  creating  an  entry  of  type  LOCAL,
           nisaddcred  calls nis_local_principal, which looks for
           an existing LOCAL entry for the effective UID  of  the
           current process in the cred.org_dir table and uses the
           associated principal name  for  the  new  entry.  When
           creating   an  entry  of  authentication  type  LOCAL,
           nisaddcred constructs a default NIS+ principal name by
           taking the login name of the effective UID for its own
           process, and appending to it a dot ('.')  followed  by
           the local machine's default domain. If the caller is a
           superuser, the machine name is  used  instead  of  the
           login name.

     -l login_password
           Use the login_password specified as  the  password  to
           encrypt the secret key for the  credential entry. This
           overrides the prompting for a password from the shell.
           This  option  is  intended  for administration scripts
           only. Prompting guarantees not only that  no  one  can
           see  your password on the command line using ps(1) but
           it also checks to make sure you have not made any mis-
           takes.  login_password  does not really have to be the
           user's password but if it is,  it  simplifies  logging
           in.

     -r [nis_principal]
           Remove all credentials associated with  the  principal
           nis_principal from the cred.org_dir table. This option
           can be used when removing a client or  user  from  the
           system.  If nis_principal is not specified the default
           is to remove credentials  for  the  current  user.  If
           domain_name  is  not  specified, the operation is exe-
           cuted in the default NIS+ domain.


EXAMPLES


     Example 1: Adding the  LOCAL and  DES Credentials

     The following examples illustrate how to add the  LOCAL  and
     DES  credentials  for some user, user1, with a UID of  2990,
     who is an NIS+ user principal in the  some.domain.com.  NIS+
     domain:

     example% nisaddcred -p 2990 -P user1.some.domain.com. local

     Note that credentials are always added in  the  cred.org_dir
     table   in  the  domain  where  nisaddcred  is  run,  unless
     domain_name is specified as the last parameter on  the  com-
     mand  line.  If  credentials are being added from the domain
     server for its clients, then domain_name  should  be  speci-
     fied.  The caller should have adequate permissions to create
     entries in the  cred.org_dir table.

     The system administrator can add a  DES credential  for  the
     same user, using the following example:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.2990@some.domain.com -P user1.some.domain.com. des

     Please note that DES credentials can be added only after the
     LOCAL  credentials  have  been added. Also, if the system is
     configured to use more than  one  authentication  mechanism,
     credentials will be made for each mechanism configured.  See
     nisauthconf(1M).

     Note that the secure RPC netname does not  end  with  a  dot
     ('.')  while  the NIS+ principal name, specified with the -P
     option, does. This command should be executed from a machine
     in the same domain as is the user.

     The following example shows  how  to  add  a  machine's  DES
     credentials in the same domain:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.foo@some.domain.com -P foo.some.domain.com. des

     Please note that no LOCAL credentials  are  needed  in  this
     case.

     The  following  example  illustrates  how  to  add  a   NIS+
     workstation's principal  DES credential:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.host1@sub.some.domain.com \
          -P newhost.sub.some.domain.com. des sub.some.domain.com.

     This format is particularly useful if you are running   this
     command  from  a  server  which  is in a higher domain  than
     sub.some.domain.com.  Without the  last  option  for  domain
     name,  nisaddcred would fail because it would attempt to use
     the default domain of some.domain.com.
     The following example  illustrates  adding  DES  credentials
     without being prompted for the root login password:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.2990@some.domain.com \
          -P user1.some.domain.com. -l login_password des

     The following example shows how to add a  credential  for  a
     user   using  a  specific  authentication mechanism that was
     previously    configured    with    nisauthconf(1M).     See
     nisauthconf(1M) for a list of the valid values of auth_type:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.2990@some.domain.com \
          -P user.1.some.domain.com dh640-0

     The  password should be the same  for  all  the  credentials
     that  belong  to  the user.  Otherwise, only the credentials
     encrypted with the user's password will be  used  at  login,
     and the user will have to run chkey(1) using the  -p option.

     The following example shows how to add a DES credential when
     other  authentication  mechanisms are configured on the sys-
     tem:

     example% nisaddcred -p unix.2990@some.domain.com \
          -P user1.some.domain.com dh192-0


EXIT STATUS

     The following exit values are returned:

     0     Successful operation.

     1     Operation failed.


ATTRIBUTES

     See attributes(5) for descriptions of the  following  attri-
     butes:

     ____________________________________________________________
    |       ATTRIBUTE TYPE        |       ATTRIBUTE VALUE       |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|
    | Availability                | SUNWnisu                    |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|


SEE ALSO

     chkey(1), keylogin(1),  nis+(1),  nischmod(1),  nischown(1),
     nismatch(1),     nistbladm(1),     ps(1),    domainname(1M),
     nisclient(1M),      nispopulate(1M),       nis_groups(3NSL),
     nis_local_names(3NSL),                    nis_objects(3NSL),
     rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL), secure_rpc(3NSL), attributes(5)


NOTES

     NIS+ might not  be  supported  in  future  releases  of  the
     SolarisTM  Operating Environment. Tools to aid the migration
     from NIS+ to LDAP are available in the Solaris  9  operating
     environment.      For      more      information,      visit
     http://www.sun.com/directory/nisplus/transition.html.


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