ports(1M)
NAME
ports - creates /dev entries and inittab entries for serial
lines
SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/ports [-r rootdir]
DESCRIPTION
devfsadm(1M) is now the preferred command for /dev and /dev-
ices and should be used instead of ports.
The ports command creates symbolic links in the /dev/term
and /dev/cua directories to the serial-port character device
files in /devices and adds new entries in /etc/inittab for
non-system ports found. System-board ports are given single
lower-case letters for names (such as a and b) while other
ports are named numerically.
ports searches the kernel device tree to find the serial
devices attached to the system. It also checks /dev/term and
/dev/cua to see what symbolic links to serial devices
already exist. ports then performs the following:
1. Assigns new numbers (or letters for system-board ports)
to ports that are attached to the system but do not have
/dev/term and /dev/cua entries. The numbers or letters
assigned are the lowest-unused numbers or letters.
2. Removes dangling links: links from /dev/term and /dev/cua
pointing to no-longer-existing ports.
3. Creates new /dev/term and /dev/cua links for new serial
devices.
4. Invokes sacadm(1M) to make new port monitor entries for
the new devices. This is not done automatically for on-
board ports; on workstations these ports are often not
used for dial-in sessions, so a port-monitor for one of
these ports must be created explicitly.
If the configuration has not changed, ports exits without
doing anything.
ports is run each time a reconfiguration-boot is performed,
or when add_drv(1M) is executed. When invoking ports manu-
ally, first run drvconfig(1M) to ensure /devices is con-
sistent with the current device configuration.
Notice to Driver Writers
ports considers devices with a node type of DDI_NT_SERIAL,
DDI_NT_SERIAL_MB, DDI_NT_SERIAL_DO, or DDI_NT_SERIAL_MB_DO
to be serial port devices. Devices with one of these node
types must create minor device names that obey the following
conventions when calling ddi_create_minor_node(9F).
o The minor name for non-system port devices
(DDI_NT_SERIAL) consists of an ASCII numeric string,
where the first port on the device is named 0, the
second named 1, the third named 2, up to the number
of ports provided by the device.
o The minor name for non-system dialout devices
(DDI_NT_SERIAL_DO) is the ASCII numeric port name,
concatenated with ,cu. For example, the minor name
for the first dialout port on the serial board is
0,cu.
o The minor name for system-board port devices
(DDI_NT_SERIAL_MB) consists of a string containing a
single ASCII lowercase character, where the first
port on the device is named a, the second is named
b, the third is named c, for all ports on the device
(or up through port z).
o The minor name for system-board dialout devices
(DDI_NT_SERIAL_MB_DO) consists of the lowercase char-
acter port name, concatenated with ,cu. For example,
the minor name for the first dialout port on the on-
board serial device is a,cu.
To prevent disks from attempting to automatically generate
links for a device, drivers must specify a private node type
and refrain from using one of the above node types when cal-
ling ddi_create_minor_node(9F).
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-r rootdir
Causes ports to presume that the /dev/term, /dev/cua,
and /devices directories are found under rootdir, not
directly under /. If this argument is specified,
sacadm(1M) is not invoked, since it would update ter-
minal administration files under /etc without regard
to the rootdir.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Creating the Serial and Dialout Minor Device
Nodes
The following example creates the serial and dialout minor
device nodes from the xkserial driver's attach(9E) func-
tion:
/*
* Create the minor number by combining the instance number
* with the port number.
*/ #define XKNUMPORTS 8
#define XKMINORNUM(i, p) ((i) << 4 | (p))
#define XKMINORNUM_DO(i, p) ((i) << 4 | (p) | 0x80)
int
xkserialattach(dev_info_t *dip, ddi_attach_cmd_t cmd)
{
int instance, portnum;
char name[8];
/* other stuff in attach... */
instance = ddi_get_instance(dip);
for (portnum = 0; portnum < XKNUMPORTS; portnum++) {
/*
* create the serial port device
*/
sprintf(name, "%d", portnum);
ddi_create_minor_node(dip, name, S_IFCHR,
XKMINORNUM(instance, portnum), DDI_NT_SERIAL, 0);
/*
* create the dialout device
*/
sprintf(name,"%d,cu", portnum);
ddi_create_minor_node(dip, name, S_IFCHR,
XKMINORNUM_DO(instance, portnum), DDI_NT_SERIAL_DO, 0);
}
}
Example 2: Installing the xkserial Port Driver on a SPARCs-
tation 20
The following example installs the xkserial port driver on
a SPARCstation 20 (with the driver controlling the fic-
tional XKSerial 8 port serial board) and performs a
reconfiguration-boot. It creates the following special files
in /devices.
# ls -l /devices/iommu@f,e0000000/sbus@f,e0001000/xkserial@f,800000/
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 16 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:0
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 144 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:0,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 17 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:1
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 145 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:1,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 18 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:2
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 146 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:2,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 19 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:3
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 147 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:3,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 20 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:4
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 148 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:4,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 21 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:5
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 149 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:5,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 22 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:6
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 150 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:6,cu
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 23 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:7
crw-r----- 1 root sys 32, 151 Aug 29 00:02 xkserial@2000:7,cu
/dev/term contain symbolic links to the serial port device
nodes in /devices
# ls -l /dev/term
/dev/term/0 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:0
/dev/term/1 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:1
/dev/term/2 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:2
/dev/term/3 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:3
/dev/term/4 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:4
/dev/term/5 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:5
/dev/term/6 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:6
/dev/term/7 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:7
and /dev/cua contain symbolic links to the dialout port
device nodes in /devices
# ls -l /dev/cua
/dev/cua/0 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:0,cu
/dev/cua/1 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:1,cu
/dev/cua/2 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:2,cu
/dev/cua/3 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:3,cu
/dev/cua/4 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:4,cu
/dev/cua/5 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:5,cu
/dev/cua/6 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:6,cu
/dev/cua/7 -> ../../devices/[....]/xkserial@2000:7,cu
FILES
/dev/term/n
Logical serial port devices
/dev/cua/n
Logical dialout port devices
/etc/inittab
/etc/saf/*
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
add_drv(1M), devfsadm(1M), devlinks(1M), disks(1M),
drvconfig(1M), pmadm(1M), sacadm(1M), tapes(1M), attri-
butes(5), attach(9E), ddi_create_minor_node(9F)
Writing Device Drivers
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