utmp2wtmp(1M)
NAME
acct, acctdisk, acctdusg, accton, acctwtmp, closewtmp,
utmp2wtmp - overview of accounting and miscellaneous
accounting commands
SYNOPSIS
/usr/lib/acct/acctdisk
/usr/lib/acct/acctdusg [-u filename] [-p filename]
/usr/lib/acct/accton [filename]
/usr/lib/acct/acctwtmp reason filename
/usr/lib/acct/closewtmp
/usr/lib/acct/utmp2wtmp
DESCRIPTION
Accounting software is structured as a set of tools (con-
sisting of both C programs and shell procedures) that can be
used to build accounting systems. acctsh(1M) describes the
set of shell procedures built on top of the C programs.
Connect time accounting is handled by various programs that
write records into /var/adm/wtmpx, as described in utmpx(4).
The programs described in acctcon(1M) convert this file into
session and charging records, which are then summarized by
acctmerg(1M).
Process accounting is performed by the system kernel. Upon
termination of a process, one record per process is written
to a file (normally /var/adm/pacct). The programs in
acctprc(1M) summarize this data for charging purposes;
acctcms(1M) is used to summarize command usage. Current pro-
cess data may be examined using acctcom(1).
Process accounting records and connect time accounting
records (or any accounting records in the tacct format
described in acct(3HEAD)) can be merged and summarized into
total accounting records by acctmerg (see tacct format in
acct(3HEAD)). prtacct (see acctsh(1M)) is used to format any
or all accounting records.
acctdisk reads lines that contain user ID, login name, and
number of disk blocks and converts them to total accounting
records that can be merged with other accounting records.
acctdisk returns an error if the input file is corrupt or
improperly formatted.
acctdusg reads its standard input (usually from find /
-print) and computes disk resource consumption (including
indirect blocks) by login.
accton without arguments turns process accounting off. If
filename is given, it must be the name of an existing file,
to which the kernel appends process accounting records (see
acct(2) and acct(3HEAD)).
acctwtmp writes a utmpx(4) record to filename. The record
contains the current time and a string of characters that
describe the reason. A record type of ACCOUNTING is assigned
(see utmpx(4)) reason must be a string of 11 or fewer char-
acters, numbers, $, or spaces. For example, the following
are suggestions for use in reboot and shutdown procedures,
respectively:
acctwtmp "acctg on" /var/adm/wtmpx
acctwtmp "acctg off" /var/adm/wtmpx
For each user currently logged on, closewtmp puts a false
DEAD_PROCESS record in the /var/adm/wtmpx file. runacct (see
runacct(1M)) uses this false DEAD_PROCESS record so that the
connect accounting procedures can track the time used by
users logged on before runacct was invoked.
For each user currently logged on, runacct uses utmp2wtmp to
create an entry in the file /var/adm/wtmpx, created by
runacct. Entries in /var/adm/wtmpx enable subsequent invoca-
tions of runacct to account for connect times of users
currently logged in.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-u filename
Places in filename records consisting of those
filenames for which acctdusg charges no one (a poten-
tial source for finding users trying to avoid disk
charges).
-p filename
Specifies a password file, filename. This option is
not needed if the password file is /etc/passwd.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
If any of the LC_* variables (LC_TYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_TIME,
LC_COLLATE, LC_NUMERIC, and LC_MONETARY) (see environ(5))
are not set in the environment, the operational behavior of
acct for each corresponding locale category is determined by
the value of the LANG environment variable. If LC_ALL is
set, its contents are used to override both the LANG and the
other LC_* variables. If none of the above variables are set
in the environment, the "C" (U.S. style) locale determines
how acct behaves.
LC_CTYPE
Determines how acct handles characters. When LC_CTYPE
is set to a valid value, acct can display and handle
text and filenames containing valid characters for
that locale. acct can display and handle Extended Unix
Code (EUC) characters where any character can be 1,
2, or 3 bytes wide. acct can also handle EUC charac-
ters of 1, 2, or more column widths. In the "C"
locale, only characters from ISO 8859-1 are valid.
LC_TIME
Determines how acct handles date and time formats. In
the "C" locale, date and time handling follows the
U.S. rules.
FILES
/etc/passwd
Used for login name to user ID conversions.
/usr/lib/acct
Holds all accounting commands listed in sub-class 1M
of this manual.
/var/adm/pacct
Current process accounting file.
/var/adm/wtmpx
History of user access and administration informa-
tion..
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWaccu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
acctcom(1), acctcms(1M), acctcon(1M), acctmerg(1M),
acctprc(1M), acctsh(1M), fwtmp(1M), runacct(1M), acct(2),
acct(3HEAD), passwd(4), utmpx(4), attributes(5), environ(5)
System Administration Guide: Basic Administration
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